Effect of heat input on microstructure and properties of hybrid fiber laser-arc weld joints of the 800 MPa hot-rolled Nb-Ti-Mo microalloyed steels

Hybrid fiber laser-arc welding (HLAW) process was applied to a novel hot-rolled Nb-Ti-Mo microalloyed steels of 8 mm thickness. The steel is primarily used to manufacture automotive and construction machinery components, etc. To elucidate the effect of heat input on geometry, microstructure and mechanical properties, different heat inputs (3.90, 5.20 and 7.75 kJ/cm) were used by changing the welding speeds. With increased heat input, the depth/width of penetration was decreased, and the geometry of fusion zone (FZ) changed to “wine cup-like” shape. In regard to the microstructural constituents, the martensite content was decreased, but granular bainite (GB) content was increased. The main microstructural difference was in the FZ cross-section at 7.75 kJ/cm because of the effect of thermal source on the top and bottom. The microstructure of the top part consisted of GB, grain boundary ferrite, and acicular ferrite, while the bottom part was primarily lath martensite. The hardness distribution was similar for different heat inputs. Hardness in FZ, coarse-grained HAZ and mixed-grained HAZ was higher than the base metal (BM), but for the fine-grained HAZ was similar or marginally less than the base metal (BM). Tensile strain was concentrated in the BM such that the fracture occurred in this region. In summary, the geometry, microstructure, and mechanical properties of weld joints were superior at heat input of 5.20 kJ/cm.     

Evaluation of Treatments to Attain Isotopic Equilibration of Plutonium Preceding the Resin Bead Technique for Mass Spectrometric Assay Analysis of Spent Reactor Fuel

Abstract

Ten chemical treatments are evaluated for the attainment of isotopic equilibration of plutonium prior to its sorption on resin beads for assay of dissolved reactor fuel by isotope-dilution mass spectrometry. The one consistently reliable treatment is reduction to Pu(III) with heated ferrous sulfamate followed by oxidation to Pu(IV) with heated sodium nitrite.     

Time series prediction of nonlinear ship structural responses in irregular seaways using a third-order Volterra model

To predict the nonlinear structural responses of a ship traveling through irregular waves, a third-order Volterra model was applied based on the given irregular data. A nonlinear wave–body interaction system was identified using the nonlinear autoregressive with exogenous input (NARX) technique, which is one of the most commonly used nonlinear system identification schemes. The harmonic probing method was applied to extract the first-, second- and third-order frequency response functions of the system. To achieve this, a given set of time history data of both the irregular wave excitation and the corresponding midship vertical bending moment for a certain sea state was fed into the three-layer perceptron neural network. The network parameters are determined based on the supervised training. Next, the harmonic probing method was applied to the identified system to extract the frequency response function of each order. While applying the harmonic probing method, the nonlinear activation function (i.e., the hyperbolic tangent function) was expanded into a Taylor series for harmonic component matching. After the frequency response functions were obtained, the structural responses of the ship under an arbitrary random wave excitation were easily calculated with rapidity using a third-order Volterra series. Additionally, the methodology was validated through the in-depth analysis of a nonlinear oscillator model for a weak quadratic and cubic stiffness term, whose analytic solutions are known. It was confirmed that the current method effectively predicts the nonlinear structural response of a large container carrier under arbitrary random wave excitation.     

Simulation of MIMO channel characteristics for indoor visible light communication with LEDs

In order to study the characteristics of multiple input and multiple output (MIMO) channel, first, the basic components of the communication system are analyzed. And then, we present a simplified ray tracing method for optical MIMO system to obtain its channel impulse response and frequency response. This method using ray tracing to calculate the impulse of the channel limits the reflections within three times. Finally, its validity is verified by the numerical simulations, and its simulation results have been discussed. The channel bandwidth is gradually narrow, direct response is getting small, and the first response becomes large from the center to the corner.     

8-3线优先编码器74LS148的级联分析及研究

74LS148是一种带扩展功能的8-3线优先编码器,将多片74LS148集成8-3线优先编码器级联构成不同的编码器,能够灵活、有效地扩大编码器的使用范围。不同的74LS148进行级联时,任何时候只对其中优先级别最高的输入信号进行编码,编码器的工作状态由使能输入端决定。     

Extracting molecular potentials from incomplete spectroscopic information

We extend our recently developed inversion method to extract excited-state potentials from fluorescence line positions and line strengths. We consider a previous limitation of the method arising due to insufficient input data in cases where the relatively weaker emission data are not experimentally available. We develop a solution to this problem by ‘regenerating’ these weak transition lines via applying a model potential, e.g. a Morse potential. The result of this procedure, illustrated for the Q-branch emission from the lowest three vibrational levels of the B(¹Π) state of LiRb, is shown to have an error of 0.29 cm^?1 in the classically allowed region and a global error of 5.67 cm^?1 for V ≤ E(ν′ = 10). The robustness of this procedure is also demonstrated by considering the statistical error in the measured line intensities.     

强流电子束阻抗对相对论速调管放大器注入及群聚特性的影响分析

通过数值计算及粒子模拟程序, 分析了强流电子束阻抗、电压及电流特性对相对论速调管放大器(relativistic klystron amplifier, RKA)中束流调制、群聚特性的影响, 其中粒子模拟程序中采用 束发射方式以精确控制电子束的阻抗.结果表明, 低阻抗电子束有利于减小群聚距离, 缩短RKA器件的整体长度, 不利于注入微波对电子束的调制, 而高阻抗电子束情况正好相反.在电子束阻抗不变时, 增加电子束加速电压类似于增大电子束阻抗的情况.另外, 用粒子模拟方法确定了不同阻抗电子束对特定输入腔的电子负载电导, 从而可以得到不同阻抗的强流电子束对种子源 功率水平的需求以及对输入腔外观品质因数的要求. 关键词： 相对论速调管放大器 电子束阻抗 群聚距离 输入调制     

基于天线辐射理论构建微波混沌腔的随机耦合模型

为了能够快速有效地求解电大复杂腔体(微波混沌腔)的电磁耦合问题, 文中采用统计电磁学方法研究了该类腔体电磁散射的统计特征. 首先, 根据天线辐射理论, 利用电磁场的本征模展开式建立了腔体耦合输入阻抗表达式. 其次, 利用波动混沌理论和概率统计方法进一步推导出了微波混沌腔的随机耦合模型. 该方法简单并且可以直接推导出三维模型. 最后, 构建了一个三维Sinai微波混沌腔并进行数值仿真实验, 其仿真实验结果与随机耦合模型计算结果的统计特征基本一致. 重要的是, 该模型与复杂腔体的细节特征无关, 能够快速有效地预测微波混沌腔的敏感耦合问题. 关键词： 统计电磁学 微波混沌腔 输入阻抗 随机耦合模型     

基于博弈论的供应链知识服务网络知识投入成本策略研究

在供应链知识服务网络中,知识创造、技术更新是企业持续发展、获得竞争优势的最重要方式。对具有企业核心价值的知识来说,知识成本的投入是采用自我研发的方式还是由专业化的知识服务商提供,对企业的未来发展战略以及投资回报都有直接影响。本文在研究一个知识提供方和一个知识需求方的条件下,通过构建Nash博弈、以知识提供方为主导的Stackelberg博弈、以知识需求方为主导的Stackelberg 博弈和合作博弈四种模型,对知识投入成本、价格以及收益进行博弈研究,最终给出最优解。结论指出,供应链若获得最大收益,则知识提供方与知识需求方应该建立战略联盟或合作框架,在供应链最大收益的情况下协商内部分配问题,同时该种情况下的知识成本投入也最大;对于以投入知识获取收益的企业来说,以知识提供方为主导的Stackelberg 均衡博弈模型是较好的选择。     

Finite memory quadratic Volterra model for the response prediction of a slender marine structure under a Morison load

A quadratic Volterra model with a finite nonlinear memory effect was introduced and applied to the time series prediction of a slender marine structure exposed to the Morison load. First, the unknown nonlinear single-input–single-output dynamic system was identified using the nonlinear autoregressive with exogenous input (NARX) technique based on the prepared datasets of the wave elevation and system response, which was obtained by running nonlinear time domain analysis for a certain short term sea state. The structure of NARX was designed in such a way that the linear part had infinite memory, whereas the nonlinear part had finite memory of a certain length. Second, the frequency domain Volterra kernels, both linear and quadratic, were derived analytically by applying the harmonic probing method to the identified system. To derive the frequency response functions, the sigmoidal function used in NARX to realize the nonlinear relationship between the input and output was expanded to polynomials based on the Taylor series expansion, so that the harmonics of same frequencies were easily matched between the input and output. Finally, the time series of the system response under arbitrarily given short term sea states were predicted using the quadratic Volterra series. The proposed methodology was used to predict the nonlinear dynamic response of a 2-dimentional free standing catenary riser exposed to a random ocean wave load, and the comparison between the prediction and simulation results was made on the probability distribution of the maximum excursion of riser top. The results show that the proposed methodology can successfully capture the nonlinear effects of the dynamic response of a slender marine structure induced by the quadratic term of the Morison formula.